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Вокруг измышлений востоковедов и заблуждений сторонников вестернизации (2)
Также противники Ислама при определении «сунны» акцентируют своё внимание на языковом значении понятия (путь). Так, в своём определении они говорят, что «сунна» представляет собой практическую сторону образа жизни, ограничивающуюся только поступками. Слова, невысказанные одобрения и качества Пророка (мир ему и благословение Аллаха), в соответствии с таким определением, не являются Сунной. Приверженцы этого мнения считают, что употребление слов «хадис» или «сунна» в их терминологическом значении (слова Пророка (мир ему и благословение Аллаха), его действия, невысказанные одобрения, описание его внешности и нрава…) является нововведением со стороны учёных в области хадиса и что арабский язык якобы не знал таких значений и они не употреблялись в арабских стихах. Такое заявление сделал Махмуд Абурейх[1] в своей книге «Адуа’ ‘аля ас-сунна аль-мухаммадийя»[2], поддержав мнение доктора Тауфика Сидки[3].
Подобные заявления высказал и доктор Аль-Мухандис Мухаммад Шахрур[4] в своей книге «Аль-китаб уа аль-Кур’ан, кыра’а му’асыра»: «Определение пророческой Сунны представляет собой жизнь Пророка (мир ему и благословение Аллаха) в качестве пророка и человека, который не просто прожил реальную жизнь, а был в центре событий. Таким образом, это не было иллюзорным миром». В другом месте он заявил: «Поэтому мы считаем ошибочным определение Сунны Пророка (мир ему и благословение Аллаха) теми, которые сказали, что она представляет собой всё то, что исходило от Посланника Аллаха (мир ему и благословение Аллаха): слова, поступки, повеления, запреты и невысказанные одобрения. При этом необходимо учитывать, что сам Пророк (мир ему и благословение Аллаха) не давал такого определения, и поэтому его можно оспорить, в чём-то согласиться, а в чём-то нет. Данное определение (, которое дали учёные в области хадиса,) стало причиной мумификации Ислама, учитывая, что ни Пророк (мир ему и благословение Аллаха), ни его сподвижники не давали такого определения. И поступки Умара ибн Аль-Хаттаба подтверждают это»[5].
[1] Махмуд Абурейх – египетский публицист, в молодости обучался в образовательной системе университета «Аль-Азхар». После того как перешёл в среднюю школу при «Аль-Азхаре», не смог добиться успеха в учёбе. Работал редактором типографских ошибок в местной газете. Затем до самой пенсии – в городском местном управлении. Среди его трудов, в которых он подверг критике Сунну и сподвижников: «Адуа’ ‘аля ас-сунна аль-мухаммадийя», «Кисатуль-хадиси аль-Мухаммади», «Шейх аль-мудайра (имея в виду Абу Хурайру)». См. «Ас-Сунна уа маканатуха фи ташри’», доктор Ас-Субай’и, с. 466.
[2] «Адуа’ ‘аля ас-сунна аль-мухаммадийя», с. 39.
[3] Доктор Мухаммад Тауфик Сидки, врач, обслуживающий тюрьму в Каире. Публиковал свои статьи в журнале «Аль-манар» под рубрикой «Ислам – это только Коран». Умер в 1920 году. Мухаммад Рашид Ридо опубликовал его биографию в журнале «Аль-манар», 483/21 и последующих выпусках. См. журнал «Аль-манар», 11/774.
[4] Мухаммад Шахрур, сирийский современный публицист. Получил докторскую степень в инженерном деле в Народном Ирландском университете в Дублине. Среди его трудов: «Аль-китаб уа аль-Кур’ан, кыра’а му’асыра», «Аль-ислям уа аль-иман манзуматуль-кыйям», «Государство и общество».
[5] «Аль-китаб уа аль-Кур’ан, кыра’а му’асыра», с. 546-548.
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